Cuba is the Roman Goddess of sleeping children. Sister of Rumina, Goddess of breastfeeding, and Cunina, Goddess of sleeping infants, Cuba takes over from Cunina as children graduate from cradle to bed. She was prayed to by mothers to help their children get to sleep and to protect them while they slept. Cuba was also invoked by mothers of sick children, to bring healing sleep. Her name means “lying down.”

Cunina is the Roman goddess of sleeping infants. She is charged with watching over infants in their cradles, protecting them as they sleep. She is the sister of Rumina, Goddess of breastfeeding, and Cuba, Goddess of children.

Liberalitas (pronounced lib-er-AL-i-tass) is the Roman Goddess of generosity. At times when the empire was enjoying prosperity, the emperor would often give out distributions of money. The coins that were minted for these occasions had an image of the emperor on one side and an image of Liberalitas on the other. She is shown holding a counting board, to count out how much money would be given to each citizen, and a cornucopia to represent the abundance that the empire was enjoying. Liberalitas’s name means “generosity.”

Diana is the Roman Goddess of nature, fertility, hunting, crossroads, and the moon. She was originally worshipped by the Latins and Sabines as a Goddess of the moon and of forests; her worship was brought to Rome by the Etruscan King Servius Tullius in the sixth century BCE. He built a temple to her on the Aventine Hill, and she was worshipped mainly by the plebeians and the slaves. The two main centers of her worship were at Aricia in Latium and in the forests of Mount Tifata near Capua. Here, she was called upon by women to bless them with fertility and easy childbirths. Diana’s consort as Goddess of the woods was Virbius, God of the woods.

As Diana came to be associated with the Greek Goddess Artemis, her roles in fertility and childbirth were lessened. Her image was that of a huntress with her bow and arrow and a crescent moon on her brow, and she was often accompanied by dogs, who were sacred to Artemis. She became known as the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, corresponding to Artemis’s parents, Zeus and Leto. Diana was also seen as a triple Goddess, as Diana Trivia (of the three ways). This epithet led to an association with death, as a three-way path was often seen as the gateway to the underworld.

Diana’s name comes from the Indo-European root di-, which means “shining” or “light.” Her many epithets include:
Diana Lucina (Goddess of childbirth)
Diana Aventinensis (of the Aventine)
Diana Caelistis (celestial)
Diana Nemorensis (of the woods)
Diana Omnivaga (wandering one)
Diana Opifera (aid bringer)
Diana Venatrix (huntress and mistress of wild animals)
Diana Tifatina (of the town of Tifata)
Diana Lucifera (bringer of light)
Diana Latonia (from her mother, Latona)
Diana Ortygia (born on the island or Ortygia, the Roman name for Delos where Artemis was born)

Quiritis is the Sabine Goddess of protection. The Sabines were another of the pre-Roman peoples of central Italy. Quiritis watched over the clans of the Sabines and was also worshipped by the nearby Faliscans. She also protected mothers and married women. Quiritis’ name, which means “spear,” is also seen as Curitis, and it was under this name that she was later assimilated with the Roman Goddess Juno. A temple to Juno Curitis was located on the Campus Martius in Rome, where the quirite or spearmen trained.

Mefitis is the Samnite Goddess of the foul-smelling gases of the earth. The Samnites occupied central Italy before the rise of Rome. Mephitis was worshipped in central and southern Italy before Roman times, with her main shrine in the volcano Ampsanctus in Samnium. There was a temple dedicated to her in Cremona, and another on the Esquiline Hill in Rome. It is theorized that Mefitis was originally a Goddess of underground sources, such as natural springs—the fact that many of these springs were sulfurous led to her association with noxious gases. She is almost always identified with volcanoes, having been worshipped at Pompeii. Her name, which likely means “one who smokes in the middle,” is also seen as Mephitis.

Concordia is the Roman Goddess of agreement and harmony. She is one of the oldest of the Roman deities, having been worshipped since the earliest days of Rome. Her temple in the Roman Forum was built in 367 BCE, and she had another temple nearby on the Capitoline Hill. Concordia was depicted either sitting or standing, holding an olive branch and a cornucopia, symbolizing the prosperity that comes with peace. She was also responsible for harmony in marriage, as revealed by her epithet Concordia Conjugalis. Other epithets include Concordia Augusta (harmony of the emperor), Concordia Militaris (harmony of the army), and Concordia Provinciarum (harmony of the provinces).

Hybla is the Sicel Goddess of nature. The Sicels were the original inhabitants of Sicily, and we know of their deities through Greek explorers and writers. Hybla was worshipped on hills in Sicily which had unusual natural phenomena, such as a volcano and mineral springs. The hills were also home to bees that produced some of the finest honey known to the ancient world. Hybla’s name was also seen as Hyblaea, and she became syncretized with the Roman Goddess Venus, who took on the name Venus Victrix Hyblensis.

Not a happy day here. My shopping cart blew up this morning (damn automatic upgrades!!) and someone is scraping my content without asking first—that’s theft, you know! This Goddess fits my mood perfectly. Oh, and the shopping cart will be back soon, bigger and better (I hope).

Discordia is the Roman Goddess of discord and strife. The Roman equivalent of the Greek Goddess Eris, Discordia was a follower of Bellona, the Goddess of war. Virgil, in The Aeneid, describes her as having snakelike hair that she holds back with bloody ribbons.

Felicitas is the Roman Goddess of success. She was particularly venerated by the Roman Emperors, who put her picture on coins to associate themselves with her good luck and prosperity. Depictions usually show her holding a caduceus, symbol of health, and a cornucopia, symbol of wealth. Temples to her were built in both the Velabrum and the Roman Forum, but neither lasted beyond the Empire. Her name means “luck” and is also seen as Fausta Felicitas (Auspicious Good Fortune), Felicitas Augusta (Sacred Luck), Felicitas Deorum (Luck of the Gods), Felicitas Perpetua (Everlasting Happiness), Felicitas Republicae (Success of the State), Felicitas Romanorum (Success of the Romans), Felicitas Saeculi (Happiness of the Age), or Felicitas Temporum (Luck of the Times).